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    Voc Loss Theory

    According to Shockley−Queisser limit theory:

    Δ E1: Thermoldynamic Loss 

    Δ E2: Radiative Recombination

    Δ E3: Non-radiative Recombination

    Through the value of EL and EQE to get the bandgap (Eg) and calculate Voc Loss
    But actually only EL EQE decide the Voc
     
    Δ E1: Thermodynamic, refers to bandgap and temperature


    ∅_BB : Blackbody radiation spectrum under T (temperature of solar cells)
     
    Δ E2: Radiative Recombination

    ∅_BB: refers to Blackbody radiation spectrum under T (temperature of solar cells)
    Jsc: refers to the short-circuit density under AM1.5G light illumination
    J0, rad: refers to the dark current of solar cell and the EQE shape under the lowest energy
    Generally speaking,  E2 value depends on EQE; however, usually the value of E2 is small. 
     
    Δ E3: Non-radiative Recombination
    Can be calculated by EL EQE, and here is the formula :


     
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